Wheel.



L. H. PERLMAN.

WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 29, 1908. 1,052,270. Patented Feb.4,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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L. H. PERLMAN.

WHEEL.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 29,1905,

1,052,270. Patented Feb. 4, 1913.

3 SHEETSkSHEET 2 L. H. PERLMAN.

WHEEL.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEZQ, 1906. 1,052,270. Patented Feb.4,1913 v 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

witnesses Y Z1 e MMV C. MWL/lm' im eemf New'l'ork. in the county of New York and demountable and a fixed rim and felly for UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS H. PERLMAN. 0F NEW YORK. N. Y.

WHEEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4.1913.

Continuation of application Serial No. 3l8,075. filed v.May 2l, 1906. This application tiled June 29, 1806.

` Serial 110.524.045.

To all lllo/n if 'In 11.1/ 'www/'n lie it known that l. Loris ll. li:iu..\|.\.\'. a-cilizen of the Fnited States. residing-at Slate of New York.l have imented certain new and useful Improvements in 'lieels; and l do hereby declare the following to be' a full. clear. and exact description of the invention. such as will enable others skilled in tlielart to which it appertains to make and use thc same.

This invention relates to improvements in' wheels'and more particularly to the deinountable rim type.

The object in view is the adaptation of a enabling ready application of. the demonn able rim to and removal thereof from the fixed rim and felly while sustaining a tire. and regardless of tlie"conditioinof the tire.

further object lin view the provision of a demountahle rim capable of being readily removed from and applied to the fixed rim and felly of a wheel. the-deinonntable rim being constructed to facilitate the application and removal of a shoe.

'l`lie invention comprises certain novel eol'lstructions. combinations and arrangements of parts. as will be hereinafter full) described and claimed.

ln the iweomlmnying drawing-Figure l is a perspective view o'f a wheel body enibodying features of the invention. Fig. l is a similar view of the demonntable rim embodying the features of the present invention and showing'the shoe applied thereon. g Fig. 3 is a `transverse axial section through a fragment of the rim seen in Fig. L'. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on the plane indicated by line 4't of Fig. Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view ofy a fragment of the rim. Fig. 6 is a view in side elevation of one of the retaining bolts. Fig. is a transverse. vertical section through the felly. i fixed rim. demonntable rim. shoe'and clam ing plate therefor.' Fig. 8 is a view in si e s elevation of a wheel embodying the invention, parts being broken away for illustrati Ving interior parts in section.

Fig. 9 is a g transverse section taken on a' longitudinal g plane of the axis passingl through one of 5 the connecting devices, pints being seen in elerz'ition. Fig. l() is a plan view of one of the clamping plates or lugsv detached. Fig. ll is an enlarged. detail. fragmentary section showing one of the locking bolts in the act or process of entering a recess while positioning the demountable riin on the. wheel body. surrounding parts being omitted.

This application is a continuation of and substitute for niv'previously filed applica` tion Serial No. 318,075, filed May 2l. 1906. thel present invention comprehending all of the principles therein disclosed with additional details. Thus. as above intimated, this invention comprehends a Ywheel whose deinountable rim is bodilyvdetachable from its fixed rim and folly` means-.being provided for firmly and rigidly retaining the demountable rim on the fixed rim and fellv while in use. such means at the Same time being adapted to be manipulated forenabling ready and easy removal of the demountable rim when desired In Fig. 1. I havevshown'a wheel-body such as is disclosed in my former applicationabovc referred to. The said wheel body is of course provided with the' usual hub and spokes and a felly l', which fellyzmay be formed lof any desired material, as a ring of wood upon which has been shrunk a i metallic ring constituting the fixed'rim, but

the rim and felly may obviously be otherwise constructed `as desired. Rim 1 is formed with an annular fiange Z at one edge. and the body of the rim is formed intermediate of its edges with threaded apertures 33 spaced apart at suitable intervals. Through the apertures 3 are threaded bolts 4 4, each of which bolts. as seen in Fig. 6. is formed w'ithaY conical or fx'ustoconical entering end.

The demountable rim 5. which will be fully hereinafter described. is' formed with conical 0r frusto-conical apertures 6-6 def signed. when the rim is applied to the felly.

to be bron ht into register with the apertures 3. T e rim 5 is applied to rim l simply by being slid axially onto the same from |that edge thereof not provided with the flange. After the rim has been appliod,the bolts 4 are threaded home suciently tor entering apertures 6 and locking the demountable rim firmly in place, the tapered end Iof each of the bo-ltsenablingthe same `to readily enter the respectivek'aperture 6.

Any suitable locking nuts 4 or'other means may be provided for preventing loosening of the :bolts 4 as desired. The bolts '4 thus serve as connectors between the wheel-body and the demountable rim, and are adapted flange curved to produce an annular groove designed to 'receive the annular bead J at the edge of a shoe .10. Each of the sections 8 is cutaway for-a. portion of its thickness, forming an annular shoulder, and -one of the sectionsoverlaps the other for the width of the cut away portion 'with the free edge of each lapping portion engaging the shoulder of theother portion.- At suitable intervals-throughout. t-he circumference of the rim, the sections 8 are -secumcl together hy screws 11'-11 which extend from the inside through the linner section and are threaded into the outer section. The screws l1 together with the shoulders produced by the cut away portionsl of sections 8 serve to rigidly connect" the sections together. for"v constituting a firm rigid rim in use. However, the said screws 11, when the rim is removed from the felly andfixed rim 1, may

readily be withdrawn and the sections of the rim separated laterally for permitting Vthe removal of the shoelO'and the replacing of another shoe. screws 11, as seen in Fig. 5,' are arranged in staggered relation' about the rim for preventing weakening of-thc sections of the rim.

At various points about the periphery of the rim 5, the same is provided'with post receiving apertures, the upper orienter section 8 being formed with a comparatively small aperture 12 andthe inner or lower section being formed with the larger aperture or recess 13 concentric with the aperture 12, the apertures '12 and 13 constituting thel post receiving apertures the smaller o ing providing anannular shoulder. A c amping plate or shoe retaining block 14 is arranged above eaclfof vthe post receivngapertures and a post or stem 15 projects inwardly from the said plate 14 through said apertures. The post 15 is pro.' vided with an implement receivin threaded socket 15' and the post is engag 16 `of a size andV shape for snugly 'fitting within the apertures 12 and 13 and to rest on the annular shoulder. The said apertures By preference, the Y 'by a nut'- nut is therefore made in the form of a disk and its inner face is grooved radially for receiving an operating tool/or Spanner. As many `of said clamping blocks or plates 14 each'with the coperating elements of the respect-ive set of clamping devices are provided as are found desirable. Each of the said clamping plates engages the inside of the shoe 10-and firmly presses the same into position with the beads 9 in the grooves produced by the flanges at the edges of the rim. The engagm'ent of the nut 16 with the outer section 8, when the nut is threaded home,

insures a firm clamping act-ion of the block 14.

'hen applying the demountable rim to the fixed rim, it-'is to be noted that the valve stem constitutes a guide as it enters the nrtch 7. This guide insuresthe registration of apertures 3 and 6, but it is of course possible that the notch T may wear or the notch may be originally made slightly larger than the diameter of the valve stem, and therefore the demonntable rim may be appliedA in such a position that theapertures 6 are brought only to a partial registration with apertures 3. 'In such instancev the tapering end of the bolt 4 enters the respective aperture 6 vand the beveled surface of such tapered end wedges against "the beveled surface of the aperture and Causes therim to adjust itself on the felly. y

I have employed the term' shoe and by the term I refer to the elastic casing constituting the tread,'and inolosingan inner air-containing casing, and ordinarily referred to as a tire. The shoe is of the type illustrated, being circumferentially divided and having marginal beads extending radi ally and axially 'for being engaged` and re-A tainedagainst outward axial' or radial movement by the clencher flanges. 'Theshoe disclosed 'rn `the drawing and preferably-,1employed is of. the Ielencher type well known on the market, but of "course it will be understood thatany'form ofxshoe may beuemc .r v serves simply asa retaining in place, and, when so positioned, Ilie with their innervfaces flush'with the inner face of the rim. so as torleave the inner face of the ri'm substantially smooth and cont1nu lous for easily and freely sliding onto and off of the felly whnpthe bolts 4 are withdrawn.

In ap )lying a shoe to the deinountable rim, wit out disconnecting the sections of the rim` one edge or bead is applied over one of the clenclier flanges of the rim. and is pressed as far across the rim toward the other flange as possible, and the operator then introduces the several plates or lugs 14 into the shoe. each plate. as it is introduced. being disposed with its stein or post directed toward one of the apertures 12. and an instrument. such as a bolt. is passed through the respective opening formed by the given registering apertures 12 and 13. the inner end of each bolt-like tool being threaded into the socket 15' of the stein 15 of the respective lug or )late 14. Next the inner tube is introduce into the shoe and positioned to surroiiud the rim within the shoe. the valve vstem of the inner tube being properly disposed through an appropriate aperture in the deinountable rim. clearly seen in Fig. :2. Then the several bolt-like tools are pressed longitudinally outwardly for moviig the lugs or plates 14 out into the slirrounding shoe for leaving a clearance for the application of the other marginal bead which is then forced over the 'adjacent clenclier liange. All of the bolt-like tools are drawn inwardly until the stems of the lugs 14 project into the apertures of the deinountable rini. The inner tube 'Ls then inflared in the usual manner, and the nuts 16 are. applied to the several stems of lugs 14. Obviously. when the sectionsaif the rim are separated for applying the shoe, the operation will be substantially the same as above described. except that the marginal beads will not have to be forced over the clencher tianges. If each of the bolt-like tools is of sulliciently small diameter to allow nut 16 to pass over the same. said vnut` may be threaded home onto bolt 15 without removing said tool. and the clamping plate 14 positively held while'bein engaged and the tool siibsapiently remove but if the tool is too large to admit of this application. the tool may be removed after the plate 14 has been drawn into icsition. and the nut subsequently applied. Obviously. the operation of seating and securing each plate 14 will be the saine as every other. and the essential feature of the operation is the introduction of a tool through the rim into the .shoe to engage the plate or a part thereof and'position the plate and its bolt for application of the nut. and it will further- Lnore lie observed that while bore 15' has been especiallvv designed to receive the tool other means c connection between the tool and clamping plate may be provided within the spirit and scope of the invention.

For purposes of interpretation of the appended claims. I wish it understood that iii employing the term demountable .'l refer solely to the capacity of the riin to be removed or deinounted from the body of the wheel and do not refer to the structure of the rim per se.

Fig. 3 is a section taken at random and showin circumferential fragments of zany parts o the rim, as is also the showing seen in Fig. 4 a transverse section taken across the rini at any point where there happens to appear a screw or bolt 11. It hence becomes ap arent that the material of the rim is of uni orm thickness throughout, even the portions of the respective sections constituting the rim which lap being rendered sulficiently thin to cause Vthe lapping portions when united by the bolts 11Ato present a thickness equal to and uniform with the thickness of the material of the rim at any other place. This uniformity of thickness is due to the method of manufacture and affords among its many advanta s that of lightness. durability` and ease an cheapness of production as compared with rims ofthe 'cast metal type which may be given a sutliciently great thickness to accommodate any desired kind of shoe clamping devices, but which necessarily involve in their 4production the expenses incident to machining in addition to the relatively high cost of casting as coin )ared with rolling. Thus it becomes obvious that in the provision of clamping devices for the shoe of a pneumatic tire applied to a rim of the type disclosed, that ishaving uniform and relatively thin thickness throughout its area, the mere adaptation of known clampin devices is not possible. as the clamping evices must be such as are susce tible of utilization without requiring ad itional thickness or enlargements at various points about the rim. It was for the solution of this dii culty arising from the utilization of such a riii as is herein disclosed that the present invention was produced by which the shoe of a pneumatic tire of the type specified may be firmly clainied with facility on a rim whose materia is of uniform thickness throughout.

Each bolt 4. in being threaded home to a seating of its frusto-conical outer end. wedges the deinountable riin and at the same time exerts a radial outward pressure thereon tending to prevent the demouiitable rim from arriving at or maintaining a sittliciently intimate contact with the fixed rim as to become rusted thereon or otherwise tightly engaged therewith. Obviously. the wedging action of the tapered end of the bolt is not circumferential only. but. when the deinountable rim has not been brought into accurate axial alinenient with the en gaged parts of the wheel body. also acts as a wedge to force the demountable rim axially to its final position. as in the instance of a threading home of the bolts 4 after the riin has been applied suiciently for the tip of ylao . a rim composed of overlapping separable sections secured together and proportioned to be slidably mounted upon the wheel body and into contact with the abutment, fastening means inserted through both laps of and wholly countersunk within the rim, and means to secure the rim upon the wheel body.

2. In a wheel, a rim provided with a recess having an annular shoulder, of an engaging plate having a stem provided with an implement receiving opening, and a fastening means proportioned to be seated upon the shoulder within the recess andadapted to engage the stem for retaining the plate.

3. In a wheel, a rim comprising overlapping sections. and having axially registermg recesses formed in the overlapping portions, an engaging plate having a stem provided with an implement receiving opening, and fastening means adapted to enga e the stem and fit and be seated wholly within the registering recesses.

4. In a wheel, the combination with a wheel'body, of a rim roportioned to be slidably mounted upon tile wheel bod said rim comprising separable sections etachably secured together, tire fastening means inserted through both sections of the rim and countersunk therein, and means for detachably securing the rim on the wheel body.

5. In a wheel, the combination with a wheel body, of a rim adapted to be moved axially into and away from an operative position on the wheel body, said rim having substantially radial flanges for positively engaging the beads of the shoe of a pneumatic tire, and said rim comprising separable sections detachably secured together, tire fastening means extending through both sections of the rim, and means for detachably securing the rim to the wheel body, said Wheel body having a substantially continuous and uninterrupted periphery, and the rim having a similar inner surface substantially uninterruptedly paralleling the periphery of the wheel body.

l. In a wheel. a wheel body, a rim adapted to be moved axially into and away from an operative position ou the Wheel body. .said rim having means for positivelyengaging the shoe of a pneumatic tire, a clamping pllate independent of and i. "oted to clamp t e shoe of a pneumatic tint o the rim, said plate being shaped to prevent independent rotation of itself when clamping the shoe and having a stem formed with means for receiving a positioning tool, and threaded means adapted to engage the stem and the rim for effecting a clamping action of the clamping plate.

7. In a wheel, a wheel body, a rim adapted to be moved axially into and away from an operative position on the wheel body, said rim having means of positive engagement for the shoe of a pneumatic tire, and said rim having a recess, a clamping plate independent of the rim and adapted to clamp a pneumatic tire to the rim, said plate having a stem formed with means for receiving a positioning tool, and threaded fastening means adapted to engage the stem and the riln and to extend into thc recess of the rim for effecting a clamping action of the ilate.

8. The combination of a demountable rim having radially disposed clencher Hanges, a tire shoe having beads engaging said flanges, a wedge-shaped clamping platc bearing against said beads and adapted when moved to force said beads against said flanges. and means accessible from the inside of the rim for drawing the clampingr plate radially toward the rim.

9. The combination of a sectional demountable rim having radially disposed clencher flanges and overlapping perforated portions. a tire shoe having beads engaging said flanges, a wedge-shaped clamping plate bearing against said beads adapted when moved to force said beads against said flanges, the clamping plate having a threaded stem extending through the perforations in the overlapping portions and a nut for said stem bearing against an inner face of the rim.`

10. The combination with a wheel and its felly. of a laterally delnountable rim therefor having a substantially conical recess therein. and a radially movable screw mounted in a fixed portion of the wheel structure and having a substantially conical tip that is adapted to enter said recess and to act, as aI wedge. laterally upon the rim and move it axially of the wheel.

11. The combination, with a wheel body. of a demonntable rim therefor. a locking element, having a tapering portion. that is adapted to be moved radially and to thereb v exert pressure against the rim outwardly radially of the Wheel body, and to act as a wedge laterally, said locking element having an engagement with the wheel body whereby it may be moved radially of the wheel body.

12. The combination with a wheel and its felly, of a demountable rim therefor, a locking element having a tapering end that is adapted to be moved radially and to thereby act as a wed laterally and exert ressure against sai rim radially of the w ieel` said locking element having a threaded en; ga'gement with the wheel structure whereby it may be moved radially of the wheel.

13. The combination, with a wheel body, of a demountable rim therefor, and a locking element, having a tapering portion, that is adapted to be moved to exert pressure l0 against the rim outwardly radially of the wheel body, and to act as a wedge laterally, said locking element having an engagement with the wheel body.

In testimony whereof I hereunto nix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS H. PERLMAN.

lVitnesses EDGAR M. KITCIHN, limo Moon. 

